Which literacy progression stage describes the ELL's ability to read longer texts, decode using multiple strategies, and understand different kinds of work and their purposes?

• A. Transitional Stage Literacy Progression
• B. Fluency Stage Literacy Progression
• C. Phonetics
• D. Phonology

Answer: (B)

The question is about recognizing the stage where an ELL can read longer texts, use multiple strategies to decode, and understand why different kinds of writing exist. The best choice is the Fluency Stage Literacy Progression. At this stage, readers tackle extended texts with sustained attention and appropriate pace, using a mix of decoding tools—phonics, context clues, word structure, and prior knowledge—to figure out tricky words. They also move beyond decoding to comprehension across genres, recognizing the purposes of different kinds of writing, whether informational, narrative, or persuasive, and reading with understanding for those purposes.

Phonetics centers on the sounds of language and how letters map to those sounds, while phonology is about the sound system and patterns—these don’t address reading longer texts or understanding multiple purposes across genres. The Transitional Stage Literacy Progression describes earlier progress toward decoding and comprehension but doesn’t capture the extended reading and genre awareness characteristic of fluency.