In Krashen's theory, what is the name of the model that describes a conscious “monitor” used to edit output?

• A. Monitor Model
• B. Natural Order Hypothesis
• C. Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis
• D. Interlanguage

Answer: (A)

Focus on the idea that Krashen separates language knowledge into different parts, one of which is a conscious “monitor” that edits output. This Monitor Model posits a separate, explicit knowledge system learners can use to check and correct what they say or write, but only when there’s time, attention to form, and sufficient linguistic knowledge. It acts as a self-correcting device for accuracy, rather than driving real-time communication.

The other terms describe different ideas in Krashen’s theory: the Natural Order Hypothesis is about the predictable sequence in which grammatical forms are acquired; the Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis argues there are two distinct ways to develop language knowledge—unconscious acquisition and conscious learning; Interlanguage refers to the evolving, in-progress system a learner creates between L1 and the target language. None of these specifically name the conscious editing mechanism described by the monitor.